Study Reveals High Levels of Carbon Monoxide in Kenyan Homes, Pose a Threat to Public Health

By Thuku Kariuki

A recent study conducted by scientists has revealed that Kenyan households are facing a significant threat to their health due to high levels of carbon monoxide (CO).

The Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), in collaboration with partners based in the United Kingdom, completed this evaluation.

The study found that urban homes have similar levels of CO compared to rural homes. It was previously assumed that rural homes would be worse off due to their use of charcoal and other materials that emit toxic fumes. In contrast, city families tend to rely more on gas or liquified fuels.

Carbon Monoxide, is one of the green house gasses, which is the main contributor to global warming, poses a serious risk. CO binds to the hemoglobin in the blood, reducing the blood's ability to carry oxygen. Consequently, it interferes with the delivery of oxygen to the body's organs, and high levels of carbon monoxide can be fatal.

KEMRI and its partners hope that governments will recognize the urgent need to address household air pollution in urban areas. They propose that policy changes, education, and targeted interventions can help reduce exposure to carbon monoxide and protect public health.

However, it is important to note that there is no instant solution. The findings of this study indicate that even with the use of "cleaner fuels," a safe environment cannot always be guaranteed.

The study, named "Tupumue" in Kiswahili, meaning "let us breathe," is the first of its kind in Sub-Saharan Africa. The major conclusion of the report is that "CO concentrations within homes in Nairobi are significant and have the potential to negatively impact the health and mortality of the population." The researchers hope that this study will prompt action.

Further research is necessary. In the meantime, recommendations include targeted interventions such as community education on household air pollution to reduce exposure during cooking activities in the evening. Individual families should focus on improving ventilation, separating cooking areas from children, and minimizing the duration of food preparation.

While it is advisable to limit the use of charcoal in cooking, it is important to note that fuels like Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG), although they can still produce carbon monoxide, are preferable to other options. While carbon monoxide can never be completely eliminated from the cooking process, steps can be taken to reduce its levels to minimize harm.